Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a condition often associated with obesity, insulin-resistant diabetes and dyslipidemia (high cholesterol or fats in the blood) as well as other metabolic risk factors. MASLD is diagnosed by abnormal liver function tests or fat in the liver on imaging. MASLD includes a wide range of liver damage, which can progress over time, and ultimately lead to cirrhosis (non-reversible scarring of the liver).  Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) can occur with steatosis (abnormal amount of fat in the liver), inflammation, and damage to hepatocytes (liver cells). The damage caused by MASH can lead to formation of scar tissue in the liver (fibrosis) and is often progressive without treatment.

The best diet regimen for MASLD is one that contributes to weight loss. The focus should be on calorie reduction and a low-carbohydrate intake. The Mediterranean Diet has shown to be the most recommended dietary pattern for patients with MASLD, as it focuses on low-carb and increased healthy fats (monounsaturated and omega-3 fatty acid).

Weight loss of 3% to 5% can improve a reduction in steatosis (fat in the liver), however, 10% or greater has been shown to induce reversal of fibrosis (scarring) and even resolution of steatosis. The most effective treatment for MASLD/MASH is lifestyle modification with a combination of diet, exercise and weight loss.

Yes, there are many tips and tricks for eating healthy while dining out. First and foremost, ask for it your way. Ask for grilled instead of fried, a side of veggies instead of fries, and always sauce on the side. Pay attention to the “healthy or light” entrée options on the menu, some even come with nutrition facts. Order lean protein like chicken or fish, ask for double or triple the veggies, and drink water throughout the meal. Portion sizes are typically much larger than one serving, so consider splitting a meal with a partner, or boxing up half to go.

New nomenclature for liver disease was announced in June 2023. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is now metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).

*Source: AASLD