Herniated Disk

Diagnosing the source of your pain starts with a thorough physical examination. Your doctor will ask you about your medical history and examine your back to understand your symptoms. In some cases, we may order nerve tests or imaging such as an X-ray, CT scan or MRI to confirm or rule out other conditions. 

Herniated disks usually occur in the lower back and can affect your neck, usually on one side of the body. Symptoms may vary depending on the location of the herniated disk, and patients often report: 

• Arm or leg weakness  
• Numbness or tingling that travels down the arm or leg 
• Pain or tenderness in the back or neck
• Sharp or shooting pain in the arm or leg that may get worse with sudden movements, such as sneezing or coughing

The most common underlying cause of a herniated disk is aging. As we get older, vertebrae slowly break down and are more likely to tear or rupture with minor straining or twisting. Lifting heavy objects, especially twisting while supporting the weight, can cause a disk to tear or rupture.

Risk factors for herniated disk include:

• Genetics
• Obesity, which puts increased stress on the lower back
• Physically demanding jobs, especially those involving repetitive lifting, pulling or pushing

Houston Methodist’s collaborative approach brings together a team of specialists who create a personalized treatment plan for your herniated disk.  

Most cases are relatively mild and can be treated at home with rest, over-the-counter pain medication and heat or ice therapy. Severe cases may require more intensive treatment, including:

• Integrative therapies, such as acupuncture and massage therapy 
• Injection-based treatments to address nerve pain, such as epidural steroid injections
• Physical therapy, such as aquatic therapy, traction, electrical stimulation or bracing
• Prescription drugs, such as muscle relaxers, cortisone injections or narcotic pain medication

Surgery for a herniated disk is rare but may be recommended if standard treatments aren’t enough to relieve symptoms. Surgery typically involves removing protruding disk material. In extreme cases, the entire disk is removed and replaced by an artificial disk. 

Houston Methodist’s spine surgeons are highly experienced in performing these delicate procedures. Our less invasive approaches reduce surgery risk, speed recovery and help you return to your daily activities. Explore our spine treatment options.